The platform is drilling, power, communications, navigation equipment, as well as safety and staff living facilities of offshore oil and gas exploration and development, is an indispensable means. The main points for the movable platform and the fixed platform in two categories.

Supporting and fixing platform legs is directly into the sea, so the drilling platform, good stability, but because the platform can not move, so the drilling cost is higher.In order to solve the problems of mobility and deep-sea drilling platform, and the emergence of a variety of mobile drilling platform, including: sit bottom type drilling platform, jack-up drilling platform, drill ships and semi-submersible drilling platform.Bottom sitting drilling platform called drill barge or inserted pile drilling barge, apply to the river and bay,30m following shallow waters. Bottom supported platform has two hull, hull and called on the working deck, placement of living accommodation and equipment, through the tail, opening with cantilever structure drilling; the lower part is a mat, its main function is the ballast and the supporting role, as drilling foundation. Two hulls by the support structure. The drilling device at the operation site to the mat and water, making it the bottom. So the stability and the structure, operating water depth not only limited, but also by seafloor Foundation ( flat and solid level ) constraints. So this kind of platform for the slow development of.

However our country along the coast of Bohai, Dagang Oilfield of Shengli oil field and the Liaohe Oilfield at extending in the shallow sea, large tidal range and bottom slope, for the development of such shallow water area resource of oil submersible platform, still have larger development future. At the beginning of 80 time, people began to pay attention to Arctic sea oil development, design, construction area of bottom supported platform also caused by marine engineering community interested. There are several bottom supported platform for the region, it can be a pressurized carrier sit on the seabed, then in the platform central fill gravel to prevent platform sliding, completed after the drilling can be discharged ballast float, and moved to another location.Jack-up drilling platform comprises a platform, leg and elevating mechanism, platform along the pile leg lifting, generally without self-propelled capability. When the leg lower into the sea bottom, the platform is lifted off the surface of the water safe working height, and the pile leg for preloading, to ensure that the platform during the storm without sinking pile leg. Completion platform down to the sea, pull out the legs and all mention of the platform, floating on the sea, by the tug towed to a new location. In 1953the United States built the first jack-up platform, this platform to the depth of strong adaptability, good work stability, development is rapidder, accounting for about1 of the total number of mobile drilling rig /2. Our own manufacturing of jack-up drilling platform" Bohai one" platform four pile leg is composed of circular steel tube made of, leg height more than 70meters, lifting device is the bolt type hydraulic control mechanism. The drilling platform is lower in cost, migration, on seabed terrain adaptability, therefore, China offshore use jack-up drilling platform.

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